Past
Continuous

Geçmişte belli bir anda bir eylem sürüyordu. Başı ve sonu değil, o an önemli: was / were + V-ing ile anlat.

A28 tuzak46 soru5 seviye

Konu Anlatımıwas / were + V-ing: geçmişte o anda ne yapıyordun?Tuzaklar8 tuzak: sınıfta gerçekten duyulanlar Alıştırmalar46 soru, 5 seviye

Öğretmenler için

“Dün saat 8'de ne yapıyordun?” ile başla. Her öğrenci bir saat çeksin (8:00, 9:30, 21:00) ve cümle kursun: At nine o'clock I was doing my homework. Kendi hayatından örnek, kalıbı en hızlı oturtan yoldur.
Pandomim oyunu. Bir öğrenci bir eylemi sessizce canlandırsın (okumak, yemek pişirmek). Sınıf You were reading! der. Geçmiş zamana “o an” hissi hareketle yerleşir.
Zaman çizgisinde nokta vs. çizgi. Past Simple’ı çizginin üzerinde bir kare (biten olay), Past Continuous’ı bir dalga çizgi (süren eylem) olarak çiz. Konu 8'de iki zamanı birleştireceksin; şimdiden görsel hazır olsun.
Durum fiilleri için kısa liste. know, like, love, want, need, believe, understand için “bu fiiller -ing almaz” kartı yap. Öğrencilere cümle yazdır, hatalıları sınıfça düzelttir.
while oyunu: İki öğrenci aynı anda iki farklı eylemi yapsın. Sınıf While Ali was writing, Ayşe was drawing diye söylesin.
“Yazarak” seviyesini kitaplar kapalıyken yaptır. Son soruda iki cevap da doğru: bu, zamanların her zaman tek bir doğrusu olmadığını göstermek için iyi bir fırsat.

Konu sırası

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Bu konu ne işe yarar

Kalıp: was / were + V-ing. I / he / she / it ile was, you / we / they ile were: I was reading. They were playing. Olumsuz wasn't / weren't, soru Was / Were ile başlar: Were you sleeping? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.

Ana kullanım: geçmişte belli bir anda süren eylem. At 8 o'clock yesterday, I was having breakfast. Saat 8'de kahvaltının ortasındaydım; ne zaman başladığı ya da bittiği önemli değil. Zaman çizgisinde bir nokta seç, eylem o noktada devam ediyor.

Aynı anda süren iki eylem: while. While I was cooking, my brother was doing his homework. İki eylem de bir süre paralel devam etti, ikisi de was / were + V-ing. while “… iken” anlamında bir bağlaç.

Arka plan çizen eylem. Hikâye anlatırken sahneyi Past Continuous ile kurarız: It was raining and the wind was blowing. Olaylar (I opened the door) ise Past Simple ile gelir. Bu iki zamanın birlikte kullanımını konu 8'de ayrıntılı çalışacaksın.

Her fiil V-ing alamaz. know, like, love, want, need, believe, understand, have (sahip olmak) gibi durum fiilleri çoğunlukla Past Simple ile kullanılır: I knew the answer. (~~I was knowing~~). Eylemi anlatan fiillerde (read, play, run, cook) V-ing doğaldır.

Türkçede bunun karşılığı -ıyordu. “Saat 8'de kahvaltı yapıyordum”, “Sen geldiğinde ben uyuyordum.” Cümlede -ıyordu hissi varsa İngilizcede was / were + V-ing iyi bir başlangıç. Dikkat: Türkçede -ıyordu alışkanlık için de kullanılır (“Çocukken her yaz köye gidiyorduk”); İngilizcede bu anlam used to ya da Past Simple ile verilir.

Kalıplar yan yana

Olumlu	was / were + V-ing	I was reading. They were playing.
Olumsuz	wasn't / weren't + V-ing	I wasn't reading. They weren't playing.
Soru	Was / Were + özne + V-ing?	Were you sleeping? Was she working?
Kısa cevap	Yes, I was. · No, they weren't.	Was he sleeping? No, he wasn't.
Soru kelimeli	Soru kelimesi + was / were + özne + V-ing?	What were you doing at eight?
V-ing yazımı	e düşer · kısa ünlü + ünsüz ikilenir	make → making, run → running, lie → lying

İşaretler: hangi zaman?

at 8 o'clock yesterday, at that timePast Continuous — belli bir anda süren eylemAt 8 o'clock yesterday, I was having breakfast.

whilePast Continuous — o sırada süren eylemWhile I was cooking, he was studying.

all day / all evening / all morningPast Continuous — sürekliliği vurgular (tekrar eden, rahatsız eden iş)It was raining all day.

What were you doing at …?Past Continuous — o anda ne yaptığını sorarWhat were you doing at nine last night?

this time last year / last nightPast Continuous — o zamanki anThis time last year, we were living in Izmir.

yesterday, last week, in 2019Past Simple — bitmiş tek eylemI watched a film yesterday.

know, like, love, want, needPast Simple — durum fiilleri V-ing almazI knew the answer.

then, after that, first, nextPast Simple — art arda biten olaylarFirst I opened the door, then I went in.

Son üç satırı unutma: bitmiş tek eylem, durum fiilleri ve art arda gelen olaylar Past Simple ister. Past Continuous “o anda süren” demek, “bitti” demek değil.

Türk öğrencinin tuzakları

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Aşağıdaki sekiz hata üç yerden çıkıyor: was / were'i unutmak, V-ing'i her fiile yapıştırmak ve Past Continuous ile Past Simple'ı karıştırmak. Her birinin altında neden yanlış olduğunu göreceksin.

En sıkI reading a book at eight o'clock.I was reading a book at eight o'clock.

Neden: V-ing tek başına zaman göstermez. Geçmişi was / were taşır, o yüzden yardımcı fiil mutlaka gerekir.

They was playing football when I arrived.They were playing football when I arrived.

Neden: they / we / you ile were, I / he / she / it ile was gelir. Çoğul özneye was demek çok görülen bir hata.

Durum fiilleriI was knowing the answer.I knew the answer.

Neden: know, like, love, want, need, believe, understand bir eylem değil, bir durum anlatır; Past Simple kullanılır. “-yordu” hissi verdiği için öğrenciler V-ing ekler, ama İngilizce bu fiillerle -ing istemez.

Anlam değişirWhen I was arriving, the film had already started.When I arrived, the film had already started.

Neden: arrive anlık bir olay: varış bir an sürer. Anlık olaylar Past Simple ile söylenir. Past Continuous “bir süre devam eden” eylem için; was arriving ancak “varmak üzereydim / yoldaydım” gibi özel anlamlarda kullanılır.

Did you sleeping at ten last night?Were you sleeping at ten last night?

Neden: Past Continuous sorusu Was / Were ile başlar, did ile değil. Did yalnızca Past Simple'ın yardımcı fiili.

OlumsuzShe didn't was sleeping at that time.She wasn't sleeping at that time.

Neden: Olumsuzu wasn't / weren't + V-ing ile kur. didn't ve was birlikte kullanılmaz; was kendi olumsuzunu taşıyan bir yardımcı fiildir.

YazımHe was runing and she was makeing tea.He was running and she was making tea.

Neden: Kısa ünlü + tek ünsüzle biten fiilde ünsüz ikilenir: run → running, sit → sitting. Sessiz e ile bitende e düşer: make → making, write → writing. ie ile bitende ying olur: lie → lying.

Art arda olaylarI was waking up, was having breakfast and was leaving.I woke up, had breakfast and left.

Neden: Olaylar art arda geldiğinde her biri biter ve sıradakine geçilir: hepsi Past Simple. Past Continuous, olayların arkasında süren bir sahne için.

Alıştırmalar

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At eight o'clock yesterday, I ___ breakfast. (was having / have / am having)

She ___ a book at that time. (was reading / reads / is reading)

They ___ football at 5 p.m. (were playing / was playing / play)

___ you sleeping at ten last night? (Were / Did / Was)

I ___ watching TV, I was cooking. (wasn't / weren't / didn't)

It ___ when we left the house. (was raining / rains / were raining)

What ___ you doing at nine? (were / did / was)

My parents ___ TV in the living room. (were watching / was watching / watching)

He was ___ a letter at that moment. (writing / write / wrote)

The boys were ___ in the garden. (running / runing / runs)

She was ___ a cake when I called. (making / makeing / makes)

At midnight, I ___ in my bed. (was lying / was lieing / lie)

___ she studying at six? (Was / Were / Did)

We ___ TV. We were doing our homework. (weren't watching / wasn't watching / didn't watching)

Where ___ he going at that time? (was / were / did)

While Mum ___ dinner, Dad was cleaning the house. (was cooking / cooks / will cook)

I ___ the answer, so I didn't ask for help. (knew / was knowing / know)

She ___ the film. It was boring. (didn't like / wasn't liking / isn't liking)

At this time last year, we ___ in Izmir. (were living / was living / live)

While I ___ to music, my sister was studying. (was listening / listens / am listening)

It ___ all day, so we stayed at home. (was raining / is raining / rain)

___ they having dinner at 7:30? (Were / Was / Did)

He ___ a shower at six, so he didn't answer the phone. (was taking / takes / is taking)

What ___ the children doing at that time? (were / was / did)

We ___ TV at nine; we were already asleep. (weren't watching / didn't watching / wasn't watching)

I ___ this coat. It's too small. (didn't want / wasn't wanting / weren't wanting)

Yesterday at 9:00 p.m., Ali ___ his homework. (was doing / does / is doing)

I woke up, ___ breakfast and went to school. (had / was having / have)

The wind was blowing and the rain ___ on the roof. (was falling / falls / fall)

She ___ the news, so I didn't tell her. (already knew / was already knowing / already knows)

What ___ you doing at 11 p.m. last night? (were / did / was)

While we ___ on the beach, the sun was shining. (were walking / walk / are walking)

Mark ___ at the party. He was at home. (wasn't dancing / weren't dancing / didn't dancing)

This time yesterday, the students ___ an exam. (were taking / was taking / take)

He was angry and ___ loudly at everyone. (was shouting / shouts / shout)

Last night at 8 p.m. my father ___ the car. (was washing / washes / is washing)

At 8 o'clock I ___ breakfast. (have)

They ___ football at 5 p.m. (play)

___ you sleeping at ten? (be)

She ___ TV. She was reading. (not / watch)

He ___ a letter at that time. (write)

The children ___ in the park. (run)

___ she studying at six? (be)

What ___ at nine? (you / do)

While I ___ dinner, my brother was doing his homework. (cook)

We ___ in London in 2020. (live)